Schema 类型：Dataset 用途：Dataset 标记只用于 Google 数据集搜索（Dataset Search），不用于 Google 搜索结果。Google 2025-11 起明确这一点，并在 Google 搜索中逐步停用该类型。 适用场景：数据仓库、政府开放数据、科研数据集
| 属性 | 类型 | 必需/推荐 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | Text | 必需 | 数据集名称 |
| description | Text | 必需 | 数据集摘要，50 到 5000 个字符 |
| license | URL | 推荐 | 许可协议链接 |
| creator | Person / Organization | 推荐 | 创建者 |
| url / sameAs / identifier | URL / Text | 推荐 | 落地页、DOI 等 |
| keywords | Text | 推荐 | 关键词 |
| datePublished / dateModified | Date | 推荐 | 发布与更新日期 |
| distribution | DataDownload | 推荐 | encodingFormat、contentUrl |
| temporalCoverage / spatialCoverage | Text / Place | 推荐 | 时间与空间范围 |
| includedInDataCatalog | DataCatalog | 推荐 | 所属目录 |
完整 JSON-LD 示例：
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Dataset",
"name": "US Air Quality Index Historical Data 2015-2024",
"description": "Daily air quality index (AQI) measurements from monitoring stations across the United States, including PM2.5, PM10, ozone, and NO2 levels.",
"url": "https://example.com/datasets/us-air-quality",
"sameAs": "https://doi.org/10.1234/example-aqi-data",
"identifier": "10.1234/example-aqi-data",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"keywords": ["air quality", "AQI", "PM2.5", "pollution", "environmental data"],
"creator": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Environmental Data Institute",
"url": "https://www.example-edi.org",
"sameAs": "https://ror.org/example123"
},
"datePublished": "2024-06-15",
"dateModified": "2024-12-01",
"temporalCoverage": "2015-01-01/2024-12-31",
"spatialCoverage": {
"@type": "Place",
"geo": {
"@type": "GeoShape",
"box": "24.396308 -124.848974 49.384358 -66.885444"
}
},
"distribution": [
{
"@type": "DataDownload",
"encodingFormat": "text/csv",
"contentUrl": "https://example.com/datasets/us-air-quality/download.csv"
},
{
"@type": "DataDownload",
"encodingFormat": "application/json",
"contentUrl": "https://example.com/datasets/us-air-quality/download.json"
}
],
"includedInDataCatalog": {
"@type": "DataCatalog",
"name": "Environmental Data Institute Data Portal"
}
}说明：标记帮助数据集在 Dataset Search（datasetsearch.research.google.com）中被发现；有 DOI 时写入 identifier 和 sameAs。不想在 Dataset Search 中出现，用 robots meta 标签控制。
来源
- Dataset structured data，https://developers.google.com/search/docs/appearance/structured-data/dataset（2026-10-05 核对）
- Latest documentation updates（2025-11-05 条），https://developers.google.com/search/updates（2026-10-05 核对）
